Are congestion charges considered incentives?

This is from the article, Drive and Cycle: An innovative concept for commuting, by RUSHTRACK in Ode.

Just recently the U.S. government even went so far as to acknowledge bicycle commuters as worthy of tax relief in a similar way that drivers are. Incentives, such as new bike lanes and congestion charges, such as those instituted by London, Stockholm, and Singapore, have set the stage for a change in the way the world travels and commutes.

Find Singapore here.